The end of slavery in U.S

The end of slavery in U.S

The ending of slavery didn’t happen in single day it was a process that took about 4 years. The process began in April 1861 with the outbreak of the civil war between free state of the north and the slave state of the south. During the war, wherever the union ot northern army gained control, invader, for all practical purposes, was ended. It’s estimated that half-a-million slave escaped to union-controlled areas.

The big steps in the process took place in January 1, 1863. President Abraham Lincoln issued The Emancipation proclamation, declaring that slaves in states or portion of states, at war against United States were free. Few slaves were freed, however, since most lived in the rebellious in the south. Nevertheless, the proclamation was critical turning point: it increased northern support by making the end of slavery an objective of the war.freedom for all slaves came later in 1865,when the war ended and congress passed the 13^th amendment , which completely abolished the slavery. Another amendment, The 14^th, gave blacks full citizenship rights. For a time, many hoped that blacks and whites could live together in a state of equality and tolerance. That hope didn’t last long. Local laws and customs were used to deprive blacks of voting rights. Prejudice increased and discrimination got worse. In most former slave states, a system of racial segregation arose, and blacks had to use separate school, churches, hospitals, works, swimming pools, lunchrooms, wash room, bus section, and theater section.

In the early years of the 20^th century, lynching—the illegal killing of the people for seal and imagined crimes—greatly increased. After the first world war, the promise of equality and opportunity in the south for blacks seemed further away than ever. As a result, many black moved from the rural south to the great cities of the north. Although northerners did not practice formal segregation, black encountered discrimination in job and housing.

However, the progress did occur during the difficult years from1919 to 1950. Individual blacks made the breakthrough in education, science, sports, entertainment, business, and most of all in music and arts. Blacks gained influence in organization labor, industry, and government. There were blacks university president and black millionaires.

American black also achieved fame far from home. Dr. Charles drew (1904-1950) advance medical science and saved millions of lives during World War II by his discovery of a way to preserve blood. This achievement was acclaimed throughout the world. Dr. Ralph Bunche (1904-1971), Undersecretary General of the United Nations, saved countless lives by promoting peace in the middle east during the late 1940s. for this achievement, he was awarded the 1950 Nobel Peace Prize.